The origin of the war is related differently.After the King has mounted he counts the two hundred horsemen and the hundred elephants and the shield-bearers of the guard, and whoever is missing is severely punished and his property confiscated.He serves with eight thousand foot and eight hundred horse and thirty elephants, and pays the King every year one hundred thousand PARDAOS.1703.[263] — I have broadly declared this relationship, but, as a matter of fact, almost every inscription and literary work in the country differs as to the genealogy of the sovereigns who reigned from this time forward.The country was in a state of anarchy.After the capture of the fortress the Sultan, according to Ibn Batuta, pursued Baha-ud-din southwards and arrived near the city of the prince with whom he had taken refuge.

But on this turning of the river they say the King spent all the treasure that had come to him from the king his father, which was a very great sum of money.– The Dakhan splits up into five independent kingdoms — The Bijapur king captures Goa and Belgaum — Fighting at Rajahmundry, Kondapalle, and other parts of Telingana — Death of Mahmud Gawan — The Russian traveller Nikitin — Chaos at Vijayanagar — Narasimha seizes the throne.will be found of singular interest, as it relates to events of which we in England have hitherto, I think, been in complete ignorance.Traces of colour still remain on many of these buildings at Vijayanagar.[265] — Scott’s edition, i.1.[167] — This may, perhaps, refer to Belgaum (A.

D.and besides all that, the horse trade.[189] — EPIG.There are many figures of the said work, standing out as much as a cubit from the stone, so that you see on every side of them, so w ell carved that they could not be better done — the faces as well as all the rest; and each one in its place stands as if embowered in leaves; and above it is in the Romanesque style, so well made that it could not be better.It must be remembered that he wrote many years after the event.Firishtah places it certainly after the “Vellunputtun” affair.Upon their arrival he reviewed the whole, and found his army composed of fifty thousand horse, sixty thousand foot, and a considerable train of artillery.” “Melik Tuchar moved from Beder with his army, 50,000 strong, against the Indians.

Those in the city could not understand what was going on, nor how these people came to be in the King’s service, until they recollected how on the day of the other fight the Portuguese had come, and then they considered themselves lost.But the King would not permit this, saying that he would not have sent them there were it not that he would soon effect an entry into the city, and if not, that they should all die; wherefore his men were compelled to attack the city, and did so in many brave and severe fights.All the Muhammadan dynasties in the Dakhan fell under the power of the Mogul emperors of Delhi towards the close of the seventeenth century, and the whole of the south of India soon became practically theirs.

[629] — Perhaps Rachol, near Goa.”Jaga Raya sent a message to this man bidding him come and do homage to his nephew, and saying that if he refused he would destroy him.[119] — Hultzsch’s “South Indian Inscriptions,” i.With these few facts to guide us, we turn to the chronicles of Nuniz and Firishtah, trying in vain to obtain some points of contact between them as to the origin of the second dynasty — some clue which will enable us to reconcile differences and arrive at the real truth.[215] Firishtah, however, differs, and says that the Muhammadan forces crossed directly in face of the Hindu army encamped on the opposite bank.D.That I may not forget to tell of the streets that are in the palace I here mention them.

Adil Shah received him with great apparent cordiality, and at length freely forgave him on the Khan’s protestations that his intrigues with Vijayanagar and the Portuguese were only so many moves in a game undertaken for the advancement of the Sultan’s interests.9., iv.D.The meaning is doubtful, but in all probability yokes of oxen are referred to.Before you enter the place where the king is there are two gates with many guards, who prevent any one from entering except the captains and men who have business there; and between these two gates is a very large court wi th its verandahs round it, where these captains and other honoured people wait till the king summons them to his presence.And in this city he did many works, and gave alms to the temples, and erected therein a very grand temple to which he gave much revenue.

The King took of his guard six thousand horse and forty thousand foot, the pick of all his kingdom, men with shields, archers, and three hundred elephants.Firishtah writes: “They found in the temples prodigious spoils, such as idols of gold adorned with precious stones, and other rich effects consecrated to Hindu worship;” and Malik presented his sovereign with “312 elephants, 20,000 horses, 96,000 MANS of gold, several boxes of jewels and pearls, and other precious effects.[27] The king, astonished at this marvel, was returning homewards lost in meditation, when he met on the river-bank the sage Madhavacharya, surnamed VIDYARANYA or “Forest of Learning,” — for so we learn from other sources to name the anchorite alluded to — who advised the chief to found a city on the spot.

“It shows,” writes Mr.[87] — A stringed instrument.D.” And the King said, “I will be the first to deal with my wife and sons.” This evidently refers to what occurred after the Barid’s capture by the Adil Shah, if Firishtah’s story is true.”At this period,” says Abdur Razzak, referring to the second half of the year 1443, “Danaik[114] the vizier set out on an expedition into the kingdom of Kalbarga.His first action was to send his youngest brother, Tirumala, the “Yeltumraj” or “Eeltumraaje” of Firishtah, to the front with 20,000 horse, 100,000 foot, and 500 elephants, to block the passage of the Krishna at all points.was a volume of copies prepared for him from the originals.It appears[201] that in 1514 A.

[384] — PRANHAS in original, probably for PIANHAS or PEANHAS (see below, p.Thus the period at which our history opens, about the year 1330, found the whole of Northern India down to the Vindhya mountains firmly under Moslem rule, while the followers of that faith had overrun the Dakhan and were threatening the south with the same fate.ANT.The heroes of Islaam, animated with one soul, made so gallant a resistance that about a thousand of the infidels fell, among whom was Sunjeet Roy, the chief general of Beejanuggur; but at last, harassed beyond all power of opposition by cannon-shot, musquetry, and rockets, which destroyed near half their numbers, the survivors threw themselves into the river in hopes of escaping, and Nursoo Bahadur and Ibrahim Bey, who rode on the same elephant with Ismaeel Adil Shaw, drove the animal across the stream, but so great was the current, that except the royal elephant and seven soldiers, all the rest were drowned.

Date of the Battle.Asada Khan was appointed regent of Bijapur, but immediately on his accession the new sovereign so offended his powerful subject that he retired to Belgaum, and Sultan Malu, giving himself up to all kinds of excesses, was deposed after a reign of only six months.Cide Mercar, either tempted by the large sum of money in his charge, or swayed by a letter which they say was sent to him by the Hidalcao, when he arrived at a TANADARIA called Ponda, three leagues from Goa, fled to the Hidalcao from there.At any rate, their scouts returned to their sovereigns with the news that all the passages of the river were defended, and that their only course was to force the ford immediately in their front.

IV.”The poor fathers of the glorious Order of St.The captains, seeing how badly th e attack was going in consequence of the number of soldiers killed, had recourse to lavish gifts and stratagems, as thus: — They began to buy (from the soldiers) the stones which they took from the walls and towers, and they paid them according to the value of the stone; so that the stones were worth ten, twenty, thirty, forty, and fifty FANAMS.In 1521 the MAHANAVAMI fell on September 2, and the New Year’s Day on October 1; in 1522 the former fell on September 20, and the latter on October 20.[438] — CABO.The last extant inscription of Deva Raya I.[2] — The letters from China were copied by a different hand.

5.[531] The councillors, however, saw that the King remained unmoved from his determination to make war, and they then counselled him, saying: — “Sire, do not go to war by that route (Dabull), but go against Rachol, which now belongs to the Ydallcao but of old was part of this kingdom; then the Ydallcao will be forced to come to defend it, and thus thou wilt take vengeance jointly both on one and the other.VIII.If east of the capital be intended, I cannot identify the place.l.[432] and in the other a sword, and in the others sacred emblems (ARMAS DE CASA), and it has below its feet a buffalo, and a large animal which is helping to kill that buffalo.This seems to show that the great tank of Krishna Deva Raya, seen in process of construction by the chronicler Paes (see p.

In this city of Calbergara, in the fortress belonging to it, the King took three sons of the King of Daquem.In 1323 Warangal fell.Thence he wanted to press forward, but his councillors did not agree to this, saying that water would fail him by that road and that it did not seem to them that those Moorish lords whom they counted as friends would be otherwise than afraid that the King would take their lands as he had taken those of the others, since they all served one sovereign, and that for this reason these lords would probably make friends with the Ydalcao, and together they would come against the King; and although there was no reason to be afraid of them, yet the King must needs fear the want of water, of which they had none.

Mahummud Shaw heard of the enemy’s movement during the night, and immediately marched towards them, leaving his encampment standing.Kulbarga was itself in too troubled a condition to venture on further national complications.But the king of BINEDAR[166] possessed 300 elephants, 100,000 men of his own troops, and 50,000 horse.And after this was done Narsenaque began to make war on several places, taking them and demolishing them because they had revolted.The country about Madras was then ruled over by a governor or Naik, and so little heed did he pay to the wishes or commands of his titular sovereign, that although the Raya had directed that the name of the new town should be “Srirangarayalapatnam” (“city of Sri Ranga Raya”), the Naik christened it after the name of his own father, Chenna, and called it “Chennapatnam,” by which appellation it has ever since been known to the Hindus.

The spoil was four thousand horses of Ormuz, and a hundred elephants, and four hundred heavy cannon, besides small ones; the number of gun-carriages for them was nine hundred, and there were many tents and pavilions.Those who desire to obtain an insight into the character of the new king of Vijayanagar should turn to the chronicle of Nuniz.According to the Hindus it was a war undertaken from pure greed of conquest; according to Muhammadan story it was a campaign against a rebel.The enemy’s foot, stationed to oppose the passage, terrified by the alarm in camp and the approach of the sultan’s forces, fled in confusion without waiting to be attacked.Narsenaque sent away all the troops and entered the city, where he was very well received by all the people, by whom he was much loved as being a man of much justice.

Barros[193] states that Chanoca reported that, though he was received “solemnly,” Krishna Deva Raya only made a general answer in courteous terms, and did not specifically grant the governor’s request; the reason being that the king had then made peace with the Adil Shah.These women appear to have worn men’s head-dresses.”when the rains had set in, from the floods, damp, and want of provisions, distress began to prevail in the camp of the allies, and Kootub Shaw also secretly corresponded with the besieged, to whom he privately sent in grain.” This is a point frequently left unnoticed by writers, on Portuguese colonial history.Adil Shah was the first of his line at Bijapur, and he proclaimed his independence in A.